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  • Is Qiyaam Necessary for one whom is unable to Perform Sajdah?
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Is Qiyaam Necessary for one whom is unable to Perform Sajdah?

fatwa-tt March 4, 2015

Question:

I’d like to know regarding the ruling of performing salaah sitting, due to ailing circumstances,does one have to sit from beginning until the end,even if one is able to stand for the standing posture?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In circumstances where one is unable to perform Ruku’ and Sujood due to illness or severe pain, it will be permissible to perform Salah in a sitting posture or on a chair.[1]

The Fuqahaa (Jurists) have mentioned that if someone is unable to perform sujood (prostration) during Salah, then the following rulings apply:

  • Qiyaam (standing posture) is not obligatory on the person.[2] It is preferable for such a person to sit and pray.[3]
  • The person will perform the ruku’ (bowing down) and sajda (prostration) by gesture (i.e. by bending of the head) in such a way that one lowers the head more for sajda than the lowering for ruku’.[4] Sujood should be done by bending forward with the hands on the lap. The head should not be rested on something raised, e.g. a pillow or desk.[5]

 

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Arshad Ali

[1]الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2/ 95)

(مَنْ تَعَذَّرَ عَلَيْهِ الْقِيَامُ) أَيْ كُلُّهُ (لِمَرَضٍ) حَقِيقِيٍّ وَحَدُّهُ أَنْ يَلْحَقَهُ بِالْقِيَامِ ضَرَرٌ بِهِ يُفْتَى

 

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق ومنحة الخالق وتكملة الطوري (2/ 122)

(قَوْلُهُ وَمُومِيًا إنْ تَعَذَّرَ) أَيْ يُصَلِّي مُومِيًا وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ إنْ تَعَذَّرَ الرُّكُوعُ وَالسُّجُودُ لِمَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ وَلِأَنَّ الطَّاعَةَ بِحَسَبِ الطَّاقَةِ وَفِي الْمُجْتَبَى وَقَدْ كَانَ كَيْفِيَّةُ الْإِيمَاءِ بِالرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ مُشْتَبِهًا عَلَى أَنَّهُ يَكْفِيهِ بَعْضُ الِانْحِنَاءِ أَمْ أَقْصَى مَا يُمْكِنُهُ إلَى أَنْ ظَفِرْت بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَى الرِّوَايَةِ وَهُوَ مَا ذَكَرَهُ شَمْسُ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْحَلْوَانِيُّ أَنَّ الْمُومِيَ إذَا خَفَضَ رَأْسَهُ لِلرُّكُوعِ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ لِلسُّجُودِ جَازَ وَلَوْ وَضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَسَائِدَ وَأَلْصَقَ جَبْهَتَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَوَجَدَ أَدْنَى الِانْحِنَاءِ جَازَ عَنْ الْإِيمَاءِ وَإِلَّا فَلَا

 

[2] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2/ 98)

(قَوْلُهُ أَوْمَأَ قَاعِدًا) لِأَنَّ رُكْنِيَّةَ الْقِيَامِ لِلتَّوَصُّلِ إلَى السُّجُودِ فَلَا يَجِبُ دُونَهُ، وَهَذَا أَوْلَى مِنْ قَوْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ صَلَّى قَاعِدًا، إذْ يُفْتَرَضُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقُومَ لِلْقِرَاءَةِ، فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَوَانُ الرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ أَوْمَأَ قَاعِدًا كَذَا فِي النَّهْرِ.

أَقُولُ: التَّعْبِيرُ بِصَلَّى قَاعِدًا هُوَ مَا فِي الْهِدَايَةِ وَالْقُدُورِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِمَا، وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرَهُ مِنْ افْتِرَاضِ الْقِيَامِ فَلَمْ أَرَهُ لِغَيْرِهِ فِيمَا عِنْدِي مِنْ كُتُبِ الْمَذْهَبِ بَلْ كُلُّهُمْ مُتَّفِقُونَ عَلَى التَّعْلِيلِ بِأَنَّ الْقِيَامَ سَقَطَ لِأَنَّهُ وَسِيلَةٌ إلَى السُّجُودِ، بَلْ صَرَّحَ فِي الْحِلْيَةِ بِأَنَّ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ مِنْ الْمَسَائِلِ الَّتِي سَقَطَ فِيهَا وُجُوبُ الْقِيَامِ مَعَ انْتِفَاءِ الْعَجْزِ الْحَقِيقِيِّ وَالْحُكْمِيِّ. اهـ

 

[3] الفتاوى الهندية – ط. دار الفكر (1/ 136)

لو عَجَزَ عن الرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ وَقَدَرَ على الْقِيَامِ فَالْمُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ قَاعِدًا بِإِيمَاءٍ وَإِنْ صلى قَائِمًا بِإِيمَاءٍ جَازَ عِنْدَنَا هَكَذَا في فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ

 

[4] بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (1/ 106)

وَإِنَّمَا جُعِلَ السُّجُودُ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ الرُّكُوعِ فِي الْإِيمَاءِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْإِيمَاءَ أُقِيمَ مَقَامَ الرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ وَأَحَدَهُمَا أَخْفَضُ مِنْ الْآخَرِ، كَذَا الْإِيمَاءُ بِهِمَا وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ – رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ – أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – قَالَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْمَرِيضِ: «إنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ أَوْمَأَ وَجَعَلَ سُجُودَهُ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ»

 

[5] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2/ 98)

(وَيَجْعَلُ سُجُودَهُ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ) لُزُومًا (وَلَا يَرْفَعُ إلَى وَجْهِهِ شَيْئًا يَسْجُدُ عَلَيْهِ) فَإِنَّهُ يُكْرَهُ تَحْرِيمًا

 

العناية شرح الهداية (2/ 4)

(وَجَعَلَ سُجُودَهُ أَخْفَضَ مِنْ رُكُوعِهِ) ؛ لِأَنَّهُ قَائِمٌ مَقَامَهُمَا فَأَخَذَ حُكْمَهُمَا (وَلَا يَرْفَعُ إلَى وَجْهِهِ شَيْئًا يَسْجُدُ عَلَيْهِ) لِقَوْلِهِ – عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ – «إنْ قَدَرْت أَنْ تَسْجُدَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ فَاسْجُدْ وَإِلَّا فَأَوْمِئْ بِرَأْسِك»

 

 

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