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  • Making Dua in Salah in English, praying in clothing with facial features.
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Making Dua in Salah in English, praying in clothing with facial features.

fatwa-tt May 9, 2022

Question:

Assalaamu alaikum wa rahmatullah. I  have a few questions with regards to salah –

1. When I was younger, I would make dua in my salah using words that are not of the prescribed duas in quran and sunnah, such as by saying ‘Oh Allah, please grant me this,’ etc. Later on I learnt that this is not permissible and breaks salah. Would I have to do qadha for all those salah that I did this in?
Secondly, if i do have to do qadha, then I am unable to recall the exact number of salah i did this in, since sometimes I would think my dua instead of saying it. Would I have to approximate the number if i have to do qadha?

2. Is it permissible to pray in clothes where inanimate objects are given features such as eyes, etc? Also, if the eyes are drawn as closed on such clothing?

Jazakallah Khayr.

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

In any Salaah, fardh or nafl, is not permissible to make Dua in one’s own language. According to the Hanafi Madhab, it is Makruh Tahrimi (greatly disliked) to recite any Dua or Quraan in English or any language other than Arabic during Salaah. One should memorize Sunnah Duas that are from Quran and Ahadith in the Arabic language and recite them before making Salaam and completing the Salaah.

While it is not permitted to make Dua in another language during Salaah, doing such as mentioned in the query will not nullify the Salaah not require one to repeat the past Salaah[1].

Performing Salaah with clothing containing animate objects in not permissible. Closed eyes will also fall under this prohibition.

The Shariah strictly prohibits the drawings, painting, printing, carving and sculpturing of any animate object e.g. humans, animals, birds, insects etc. This prohibition is clearly mentioned in numerous Ahaadith of the Prophet ﷺ.  Just to mention a few:

  1. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The people who will receive the severest punishment from Allah will be the (animate) picture makers.’ [al Bukhari]
  2. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Angels (of Mercy) do not enter a house where there are (animate) pictures.” [Bukhari]
  3. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: to Ali [ra] “do not leave any image/statue except that to remove/destroy it. [Muslim]
  4. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Verily, those who make these images will be tortured on the Day of Resurrection. It will be said to them: ‘Bring to life what you have created.’” [Bukhari and Muslim]

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Arshad Ali

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)

www.fatwa-tt.com /www.jaamia.net


[1] درر الحكام شرح غرر الأحكام (1/ 66)

(قَوْلُهُ وَبِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ) أَقُولُ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَرَبِيًّا لَا خُصُوصَ الْفَارِسِيَّةِ وَلَمْ يُقَيِّدْهُ بِالْعَجْزِ عَنْ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ أَوَّلًا؛ لِأَنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ وَهُوَ التَّعْظِيمُ وَهُوَ حَاصِلٌ بِأَيِّ لِسَانٍ كَانَ فَهُوَ كَالْإِيمَانِ بِغَيْرِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهُ جَائِزٌ إجْمَاعًا وَكَالتَّلْبِيَةِ وَالسَّلَامِ وَرَدِّهِ وَالتَّسْمِيَةِ عِنْدَ الذَّبْحِ وَالْأَصَحُّ رُجُوعُ الْإِمَامِ إلَيْهِمَا أَيْ إلَى أَبِي يُوسُفَ وَمُحَمَّدٍ فِي عَدَمِ جَوَازِ الشُّرُوعِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ لِغَيْرِ الْعَاجِزِ عَنْ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ.

(قَوْلُهُ كَمَا لَوْ قَرَأَ بِهَا) هَذَا أَيْضًا مَرْجُوعٌ عَنْهُ فِي الْأَصَحِّ فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ قَرَأَ بِغَيْرِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ لَا تَصِحُّ بِالِاتِّفَاقِ عَلَى الصَّحِيحِ كَمَا فِي الْبُرْهَانِ.

وَقَالَ الزَّيْلَعِيُّ وَالْخِلَافُ فِي الْجَوَازِ إذَا اُكْتُفِيَ بِهِ أَيْ بِغَيْرِ الْعَرَبِيِّ وَلَا خِلَافَ فِي عَدَمِ الْفَسَادِ حَتَّى إذَا قَرَأَ مَعَهُ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ قَدْرَ مَا تَجُوزُ بِهِ الصَّلَاةُ جَازَتْ صَلَاتُهُ اهـ.

وَحَكَى مِثْلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ عَنْ الْهِدَايَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ.

وَفِي فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ أَنَّهَا تَفْسُدُ عِنْدَهُمَا وَالتَّوْفِيقُ بَيْنَهُمَا بِحَمْلِ مَا فِي الْهِدَايَةِ عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَ ذِكْرًا أَوْ تَنْزِيهًا وَبِحَمْلِ مَا فِي الْفَتَاوَى عَلَى الْقَصَصِ وَالْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ كَالْقِرَاءَةِ الشَّاذَّةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ صَرَّحُوا فِي الْفُرُوعِ أَنَّهُ لَا يُكْتَفَى بِهَا وَلَا تُفْسِدُ وَفِي أُصُولِ شَمْسِ الْأَئِمَّةِ أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَفْسُدُ بِهَا فَيُحْمَلُ الْأَوَّلُ عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَ ذِكْرًا وَالثَّانِي عَلَى غَيْرِهِ كَمَا بَيَّنَّاهُ فِي كِتَابِنَا لُبِّ الْأُصُولِ اهـ.

وَلَا يَجُوزُ بِالتَّفْسِيرِ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مَقْطُوعٍ بِهِ ذَكَرَهُ الزَّيْلَعِيُّ.

تبيين الحقائق شرح كنز الدقائق وحاشية الشلبي (1/ 111)

وَيَجُوزُ بِأَيِّ لِسَانٍ كَانَ سِوَى الْفَارِسِيَّةِ هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمُنَزَّلَ هُوَ الْمَعْنَى عِنْدَهُ وَهُوَ لَا يَخْتَلِفُ بِاخْتِلَافِ اللُّغَاتِ وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ هُوَ النَّظْمُ وَالْمَعْنَى جَمِيعًا عِنْدَهُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مُعْجِزَةٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – وَالْإِعْجَازُ وَقَعَ بِهِمَا جَمِيعًا إلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ النَّظْمَ رُكْنًا لَازِمًا فِي حَقِّ جَوَازِ الصَّلَاةِ خَاصَّةً رُخْصَةً؛ لِأَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِحَالَةِ الْإِعْجَازِ وَقَدْ جَاءَ التَّخْفِيفُ فِي حَقِّ التِّلَاوَةِ، أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ – عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ – قَالَ «أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ» فَكَذَا هُنَا.

وَالْخِلَافُ فِي الْجَوَازِ إذَا اكْتَفَى بِهِ وَلَا خِلَافَ فِي عَدَمِ الْفَسَادِ حَتَّى إذَا قَرَأَ مَعَهُ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ قَدْرَ مَا تَجُوزُ بِهِ الصَّلَاةُ جَازَتْ صَلَاتُهُ وَيُرْوَى رُجُوعُهُ إلَى قَوْلِهِمَا وَعَلَيْهِ الِاعْتِمَادُ

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق (3/ 220)

وَالتَّقْيِيدُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ لَيْسَ لِلِاحْتِرَازِ عَنْ غَيْرِهَا فَإِنَّ الصَّحِيحَ أَنَّ الْفَارِسِيَّةَ وَغَيْرَهَا سَوَاءٌ فَحِينَئِذٍ كَانَ مُرَادُهُ مِنْ الْفَارِسِيَّةِ غَيْرَ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ ، وَلَا يَجُوزُ بِالتَّفْسِيرِ إجْمَاعًا ؛ لِأَنَّهُ كَلَامُ النَّاسِ ، وَفِي الْهِدَايَةِ وَالْخِلَافُ فِي الْجَوَازِ إذَا اكْتَفَى بِهِ وَلَا خِلَافَ فِي عَدَمِ الْفَسَادِ حَتَّى إذَا قَرَأَ مَعَهُ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ قَدْرَ مَا تَجُوزُ بِهِ الصَّلَاةُ جَازَتْ صَلَاتُهُ ، وَفِي فَتَاوَى قَاضِي خَانْ أَنَّهَا تَفْسُدُ عِنْدَهُمَا وَالتَّوْفِيقُ بَيْنَهُمَا بِحَمْلِ مَا فِي الْهِدَايَةِ عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَ ذِكْرًا أَوْ تَنْزِيهًا وَيُحْمَلُ مَا فِي الْفَتَاوَى عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَلْمَقْرُوءُ مِنْ مَكَانِ الْقَصَصِ وَالْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ كَالْقِرَاءَةِ الشَّاذَّةِ فَإِنَّهُمْ صَرَّحُوا فِي الْفُرُوعِ أَنَّهُ لَا يُكْتَفَى بِهَا وَلَا تَفْسُدُ وَفِي أُصُولِ شَمْسِ الْأَئِمَّةِ أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَفْسُدُ بِهَا فَيُحْمَلُ الْأَوَّلُ عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَ ذِكْرًا وَالثَّانِي عَلَى مَا إذَا كَانَ غَيْرَ ذِكْرٍ كَمَا بَيَّنَّاهُ فِي كِتَابِنَا الْمُسَمَّى بِلُبِّ الْأُصُولِ

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