{"id":2495,"date":"2018-06-11T00:09:48","date_gmt":"2018-06-11T04:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/?p=2495"},"modified":"2018-06-11T00:09:48","modified_gmt":"2018-06-11T04:09:48","slug":"is-it-permissible-to-conduct-business-transactions-in-itikaaf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/is-it-permissible-to-conduct-business-transactions-in-itikaaf\/","title":{"rendered":"Is it permissible to conduct business transactions in Itikaaf?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Question<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

Is it permissible for a businessman to undertake business transactions (buying and selling) through calls and emails while observing I\u2019tikaaf.<\/p>\n

Answer<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

It is permissible for a person observing I\u2019tikaaf to conduct business transactions in the Masjid provided that the merchandise is not presented in the Masjid. The Jurists however, have stated that, this permissibility is contingent to need and necessity. Therefore, even for a person is observing I\u2019tikaaf, it will not be permissible for him to undertake business transactions, via calls or emails etc. unless such transactions are deemed necessary by the Shariah.<\/p>\n

The Jurists have clearly stated that the buying and selling is only permissible for a Mu\u2019takif if it is undertaken due to necessity. See the following Ibaraat of the Jurists;<\/p>\n

Takmilah al-Bahr ar-Raiq<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n

The trade of a Mu\u2019takif will only be permissible if it regarded as necessary. However, despite its necessity, to present the merchandise in the Masjid will be Makrooh (reprehensible).<\/em> [1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Al-Binaya commentary of al-Hidayah<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

Trading is permissible, provided that the buying and selling is done to provide for one\u2019s basic needs and not for trade and investment (i.e. generating revenues and profits.) If done for the latter then certainly it is Makrooh (reprehensible) since a Masjid is built for Salah and not trade.<\/em> [2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Al-Inayah commentary of al-Hidayah:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 (\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639) \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/p>\n

Buying and selling is permissible if it is undertaken for the fulfilment of one\u2019s basic needs, as for trade and investment, it is Makrooh (<\/em>reprehensible<\/em>) [3]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Majma al-Anhur commentary of Multaq\u0101 al-Ab\u1e25ur:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n

What is meant by the permissibility of buying and selling, is that which is regarded necessary for the Mu\u2019takif such as his food etc. If however, his buying and selling is a profession (business purposes) then it is Makrooh.<\/em> [4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Radd al-Muhtar commentary of ad-Dur al-Mukhtar<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0647) \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0639\u064a<\/p>\n

If buying and selling is for trade and investment (i.e. not due to necessity) then it is Makrooh, although the merchandise is not brought to the Masjid. [5]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Maraqi<\/strong><\/em> al-<\/strong>Falah<\/strong><\/em> commentary of <\/strong>Nur al<\/strong><\/em>–<\/strong>Idah:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

And the trading of the Mu\u2019takif in order to fulfil his basic needs and the needs of his family is permissible (in the Masjid) except that it is Makrooh to present the merchandise in that Masjid. All transactions undertaken for the purpose of trade and investment (i.e. not because of necessity) is Makrooh. [6]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Rules of I\u2019tikaaf by Mufti Taqi Uthmani<\/strong><\/p>\n

The following acts are permissible in the state of I\u2019tikaaf:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Necessary transactions of purchase and sale relating to the necessities of life.[7]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

In conclusion<\/strong>, based on the above mentioned works of the Jurists, it will not<\/u> be permissible for a businessman observing I\u2019tikaaf to undertake any sales transactions whether it be verbally in the presence of the client, or through calls, emails etc. The reason being is that his transactions are not regarded as necessary according to the Shariah. He may however, appoint an agent to transact on his behalf.<\/p>\n

NB<\/strong>: The impermissibility of Sales-Transactions mentioned by the Jurists refers to Ijaab (offer) or Qabool (acceptance).Therefore if the calls are business related, except that it is not to contract a sale agreement then it will be allowed to an extent.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

And Allah Ta\u2019\u0101la Knows Best<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mufti Kaleem Muhammad<\/strong><\/p>\n

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)<\/strong><\/p>\n

www.fatwa-tt.com<\/strong><\/a> \/<\/strong>www.jaamia.net<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a (2\/ 327)<\/p>\n

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[2]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 (4\/ 130)<\/p>\n

\u0645: (\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639) \u0634: \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0645: (\u0648\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639) \u0634: \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645: (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629) \u0634: \u0648\u0641\u064a ” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0633 ” \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647. \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

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[3]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 (2\/ 397)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 (\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639) \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647\u061b \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 (\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647) \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0643\u0641<\/p>\n

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[4]<\/a> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0631 (1\/ 257)<\/p>\n

(\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0639) \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a (\u0641\u064a\u0647) \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f (\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629) \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n

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[5]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0631) (2\/ 448)<\/p>\n

(\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0647) \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631<\/p>\n

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[6]<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d (\u0635: 266)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

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[7]<\/a>\u00a0 Page 31 translated into English by Mohamed Shoaib Omar<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/a>8 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a (2\/ 326)<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Question: Is it permissible for a businessman to undertake business transactions (buying and selling) through calls and emails<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fasting","category-masjid-and-waqf"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2495"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2495\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}