{"id":2299,"date":"2017-12-02T00:37:28","date_gmt":"2017-12-02T04:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/?p=2299"},"modified":"2017-12-02T23:46:59","modified_gmt":"2017-12-03T03:46:59","slug":"kaffarah-for-vows-taken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatwa-tt.com\/index.php\/kaffarah-for-vows-taken\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaffarah for vows taken."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Question<\/p>\n<p>Respected Shaykh,<\/p>\n<p>This is a three-part question related to vows\/oaths.<\/p>\n<p>There is a brother who used to be Muslim, but later\u00a0committed kufr (he started believing in human evolution, i.e. human beings evolved from other hominid species), but thankfully later returned to Islam.<\/p>\n<p>Q1) The oaths that he took (in the state of Islam), and later broke (also in the state of Islam), prior to committing kufr. Do these fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he committed kufr, and kufr wipes away all of one&#8217;s past deeds (good and bad)?<\/p>\n<p>Q2) The oaths that he took (in the state of kufr) and later broke (also in the state of kufr). Do these also fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he broke those oaths in a state of kufr?<\/p>\n<p>Q3) The oaths that he took (in the state of kufr), but later broke (after returning to Islam). Do these also fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he took those oaths in a state of kufr?<\/p>\n<p>The brother is a follower of the Hanafi madhab, and has heard conflicting opinions on the subject, and so is seeking advice on the matter.<\/p>\n<p>Wassalamu Alaykum,<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Answer:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Apostasy in Islam is a term referred to a Muslim who clearly denounced Islam, either by his words, actions or beliefs. Apostasy destroys all the good deeds of a person performed prior to apostasy (i.e. as a Muslim). An apostate is Kafir, in fact such a person is from the worst types of Kuffar (disbelievers). Kufr (disbelief) is the gravest and worst of sins, it is the greatest atrocity a human-being can ever commit. Disbelief is the most detested action in the sight of Allah \ufdfb, it is an act which is unpardonable in the sight of Allah\ufdfb so much so that, if a person dies in such a state he is destined to the fire of Jahanam for eternity.<\/p>\n<p>If such a person dies, it will not be permissible to perform Janazah Salah upon him nor will it be permissible for him\/her to be buried in a Muslim cemetery. If however, such a person repents and re-enters into Islam, Allah \ufdfb the Most Forgiving the Most Merciful will forgive all his sins <strong>except<\/strong> that the rewards for his deeds performed prior to apostasy will <strong>not<\/strong> be returned. May Allah \ufdfb protect our Imaan.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Regarding your questions;<\/u><\/p>\n<p>(1) Kaffarah will be obligatory upon him. This is because apostasy does not eradicate sins, religious obligations and commitments. So much so that if a person had missed-Salah, Fast etc. in his account it will still be obligatory upon him to perform Qadha for each one of them. Similarly, Kaffarah will be obligatory upon him for the oath\/oaths he had broken prior to apostasy <em>(i.e. while in the state of Islam).<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>(2) Kaffarah will not be obligatory.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Kaffarah will not be obligatory.<\/p>\n<p>In questions two and three, the reason why Kaffarah will not be obligatory it because the Hanafi Jurists have regarded Islam (i.e. being a Muslim) as a contingent for the contraction of an oath. Oaths and vows are acts of Qurbah (i.e. seeking closeness to Allah \ufdfb) all of which necessitate Islam (Imaan) from the very onset.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>NB: One Kaffarah will suffice for all the vows broken when in the state of Islam.<\/p>\n<p>The Kaffarah for breaking an oath is mentioned in the Holy Quran, Allah \ufdfb says;<\/p>\n<p><em>So its expiation (Kaffarah) is the feeding of ten needy people from the average of that which you feed your families or clothing them or the freeing of a slave. But whoever cannot find (or afford it), then a fast of three days (is required). That is the expiation (Kaffarah) for oaths when you have sworn<\/em>. [Surah Maidah Verse: 89]\n<p>A person can do Kaffarah by performing any of the following;<\/p>\n<p>(i) Feed ten poor people morning and evening to their fill.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) Provide ten poor people with clothing.<\/p>\n<p>If one is unable to do any of the two mentioned above, then he must fast three consecutive days.<\/p>\n<p>NB: Kaffarah is only obligatory when an oath was taken conjoined with the name of Allah.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>And Allah Ta\u2019\u0101la Knows Best<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mufti Kaleem Muhammad<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fatwa-tt.com\"><strong>www.fatwa-tt.com<\/strong><\/a><strong> \/www.jaamia.net<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a (5\/ 137)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0647<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a (5\/ 137)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 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\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 (3\/ 11)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0646\u062b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0627<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0631) (3\/ 704)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637 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\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Question Respected Shaykh, This is a three-part question related to vows\/oaths. 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