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Permissibility of purchasing and feeding pet food (Clarification).

fatwa-tt August 9, 2021

Question

SalamuAlaykum,

InshaAllah I can get some guidance on this as it seems I am getting conflicting fatwa’s online regarding this question.
On this Fatwa http://fatwa-tt.com/is-it-permissible-to-purchase-and-feed-pet-food/ (on this website) the Mufti mentions that it is permissible to purchase impure pet food and to feed impure pet food to pets (excluding pork).
I have been happily following this fatwa and purchasing and feeding my pet basically non Islamically slaughtered meat (in canned form) however I have come across a couple more fatwa’s which has put the original fatwa into doubt. can I please get clarity regarding this inshaAllah.

https://islamqa.org/hanafi/askimam/1560/

https://islamqa.org/hanafi/muftionline/114117/cat-food/

Answer

بسم الله الرحـمن الرحيم

In principle, an animal that was slaughtered or killed un-Islamically, its meat is regarded as maitah (carrion) and hence unlawful (haram) to consume.

The Jurists of the Hanafi School of Law have made a clear distinction between those maitah (animals slaughtered or killed un-Islamically) whose blood flowed at the time of death and those, whose blood was restricted from flowing.

The Jurists have regarded the former as being tahir (ritually clean). The flowing of the blood may be as a result of slaughtering (human or machine) wounding, shooting, piercing etc.

NB: This ruling applies to all animals i.e. permissible animals as well as impermissible animals (with the exception of the swine)

What does being ritually clean (tahir) implies?

Being ritually clean means that; benefits can be derived from it, other than consumption. The Jurists have stated that (as a means of benefit), it can be used to feed animals whose meat is unlawful to consume eg. cats, dogs etc. Furthermore, it can even be bought and sold with the sole purpose of feeding pets (whose meat is unlawful to eat). Therefore, if the pet food that is being sold, contains animal by-products that are of this nature it will be permissible to purchase it and feed it to your pets, regardless of the animal content ratio.[1]

What if the pet food contains animal by-products of those animals that were slaughtered or killed un-Islamically and in a manner which didn’t cause the blood to flow? 

It would be regarded as that maitah (carrion) which is najis (impure). The Jurists have stated that it is impermissible to seek benefits from that which is totally impure and this includes the feeding of animals including those impermissible to consume.

The Jurists, however, have stated that if an impure substance is mixed with pure substances, benefits can still be derived from the mixture. Therefore, if the pet food contains animal by-products that came from a maitah (carrion) which is najis (impure), it will be permissible to purchase the pet food and feed it to the pets provided that the animal content is lesser in proportion to the other pure items mixed therein (and this is the case with most types of the pet food)[2]

In conclusion, the term maitah mentioned by the Jurists can either be regarded as tahir (clean) or najis (impure). As for the former, it can be used as an ingredient in pet foods regardless of its content ratio. As for the latter, it can also be used in pet foods provided that its content (together with other impure items) is lesser than the pure items mixed therein.

NB: The aforementioned is in relation to those pets that are unlawful to consume. Therefore, if a person has a pet that is lawful to consume eg. goat, rabbit, chicken etc, he must ensure that its feed does not contain animal by-products that are obtained from animals that were slaughtered or killed un-Islamically.

Clarification

Regarding your query, the links you have posted for the askimam website (dated 2018), as well as the muftionline website (dated 2017), both of the respected writers have not differentiated between that maitah (carrion) which is tahir (ritually clean) and that which is najis (ritually impure). They have classified both as being impure and furthermore, ruled on its impermissibility as an ingredient in pet foods regardless of its content ratio.[3] Their ruling however, seems to be contrary to what the Jurists have mentioned as stated clearly in our previous Fatwa dated 2018[4]

We did, however, come across on the askimam website, a fatwa dated 2020, that seems to be in accordance to what we have stated.[5]

And Allah Ta’ala Knows Best

Mufti Kaleem Muhammad

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom

Marabella Trinidad

www.fatwa-tt.com /www.jaamia.net


[1] تبيين الحقائق شرح كنز الدقائق وحاشية الشلبي (1/ 33)

ويباح الانتفاع به بأن يؤكل سنورا وما أشبه ذلك إلا الخنزير فإنه لا يجوز بيع لحمه ولا بيع شعره ولا الانتفاع بلحمه، وإن كان مذبوحا وفي بعض المواضع أنه لا يجوز بيع لحم السباع والكلب، وذلك محمول على ما إذا لم يكن مذبوحا أو ذاك قول بعض المشايخ اهـ وثم قوله وهذا هو الصحيح أي إذا ذكي ما لا يؤكل لحمه من السباع لا يطهر لحمه على الصحيح وهذا مخالف لما ذكر في جميع المتون في باب الذبائح أنه يطهر، وقول الشارح هنا هو الصحيح موافق لما سبق منه من التصحيح عند قول المصنف، وكل إهاب دبغ فقد طهر. اهـ. فانظره سيصرح الشارح – رحمه الله – في باب البيع الفاسد بأن لحوم السباع تطهر بالذكاة حتى يجوز بيعها فراجعه

درر الحكام شرح غرر الأحكام (2/ 198)

(قوله: والسباع) شامل للقرد فيجوز بيعه في الصحيح كما في التبيين وكذا يجوز بيع لحومها ولحوم الحمر المذبوحة في الرواية الصحيحة لأنه طاهر منتفع به من حيث إيكال الكلاب والسناوير بخلاف لحم الخنازير لأنه لا يجوز أن يطعم الكلاب والسناوير، كذا في المحيط اهـ. (قلت) وهذا ظاهر على تصحيح طهارة اللحم بالذكاة الشرعية

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (6/ 474)

(وحل اصطياد ما يؤكل لحمه وما لا يؤكل) لحمه لمنفعة جلده أو شعره أو ريشه أو لدفع شره، وكله مشروع لإطلاق النص. وفي القنية يجوز ذبح الهرة والكلب لنفع ما (والأولى ذبح الكلب إذا أخذته حرارة الموت، وبه يطهر لحم غير نجس العين) كخنزير فلا يطهر أصلا

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (1/ 218)

(قوله فيطعم للكلاب) ؛ لأن ما تنجس باختلاط النجاسة به والنجاسة مغلوبة لا يباح أكله ويباح الانتفاع به فيما وراء الأكل كالدهن النجس يستصبح به إذا كان الطاهر غالبا فكذا هذا حلية عن البدائع، ويفهم منه أن العجين ليس بقيد فغيره من الطعام والشراب مثله، تأمل

 بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (1/ 78)

وعند أبي حنيفة لا يؤكل، وإذا لم يؤكل ماذا يصنع به؟ قال مشايخنا: يطعم للكلاب؛ لأن ما تنجس باختلاط النجاسة به – والنجاسة معلومة – لا يباح أكله، ويباح الانتفاع به فيما وراء الأكل

[2] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (1/ 218)

(قوله فيطعم للكلاب) ؛ لأن ما تنجس باختلاط النجاسة به والنجاسة مغلوبة لا يباح أكله ويباح الانتفاع به فيما وراء الأكل كالدهن النجس يستصبح به إذا كان الطاهر غالبا فكذا هذا حلية عن البدائع، ويفهم منه أن العجين ليس بقيد فغيره من الطعام والشراب مثله، تأمل

 بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (1/ 78)

وعند أبي حنيفة لا يؤكل، وإذا لم يؤكل ماذا يصنع به؟ قال مشايخنا: يطعم للكلاب؛ لأن ما تنجس باختلاط النجاسة به – والنجاسة معلومة – لا يباح أكله، ويباح الانتفاع به فيما وراء الأكل

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق ومنحة الخالق وتكملة الطوري (1/ 132)

أن ما عجن به قال بعضهم يلقى إلى الكلاب وقال بعضهم يعلف المواشي وقال بعضهم يباع من شافعي المذهب أو داودي المذهب اهـ

واختار الأول في البدائع وجزم به بصيغة قال مشايخنا يطعم للكلاب

المحيط البرهاني في الفقه النعماني (1/ 116)

 إذا وقعت النجاسة في الماء، فإن تغير وصف الماء لم يجز الانتفاع به بحال، فإن لم يتغير جاز الانتفاع به مثل بل الطين وسقي الدواب، لأن في الوجه الأول النجاسة قد غلبت عليه حتى غيرته فصار كعين النجاسة، ولا كذلك الوجه الثاني

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق ومنحة الخالق وتكملة الطوري (1/ 101)

وأما الماء إذا وقعت فيه نجاسة فإن تغير وصف الماء لم يجز الانتفاع به بحال، وإن لم يتغير الماء جاز الانتفاع به كبل الطين وسقي الدواب اهـ

[4] http://fatwa-tt.com/is-it-permissible-to-purchase-and-feed-pet-food/

[5] http://askimam.org/public/question_detail/46180

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