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Is bargaining allowed in Islam?

fatwa-tt January 8, 2015

Question:

Is bargaining allowed in Islam?

 

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

Bargaining is allowed in Islam. If a purchaser wishes to bargain with the seller on an item, he may do so. The seller has the right to either decrease the price or maintain his price. If the seller and the purchaser mutually agree at a price, the transaction is valid.[1]

However, as Muslims it is essential we be honest and fear Allah Ta’ala in our dealings, and be averse to all forms of deception and dishonesty. As for the seller, he should consider the wellbeing of the customers as well and not be driven by greed only. The buyer should also consider the welfare of the seller and his right to make a reasonable profit.

 

 

 

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Arshad Ali

[1] (بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع، ج5 ص133، دار الكتب العلمية)
(وَأَمَّا) رُكْنُ الْبَيْعِ: فَهُوَ مُبَادَلَةُ شَيْءٍ مَرْغُوبٍ بِشَيْءٍ مَرْغُوبٍ، وَذَلِكَ قَدْ يَكُونُ بِالْقَوْلِ، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ بِالْفِعْلِ (أَمَّا) الْقَوْلُ فَهُوَ الْمُسَمَّى بِالْإِيجَابِ، وَالْقَبُولِ فِي عُرْفِ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَالْكَلَامُ فِي الْإِيجَابِ، وَالْقَبُولِ فِي مَوْضِعَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا فِي صِيغَةِ الْإِيجَابِ وَالْقَبُولِ، وَالثَّانِي فِي صِفَةِ الْإِيجَابِ وَالْقَبُولِ، (أَمَّا) الْأَوَّلُ فَنَقُولُ – وَبِاَللَّهِ التَّوْفِيقُ – الْإِيجَابُ وَالْقَبُولُ قَدْ يَكُونُ بِصِيغَةِ الْمَاضِي، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ بِصِيغَةِ الْحَالِ (أَمَّا) بِصِيغَةِ الْمَاضِي فَهِيَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الْبَائِعُ: بِعْتُ وَيَقُولَ الْمُشْتَرِي: اشْتَرَيْتُ، فَيَتِمَّ الرُّكْنُ؛ لِأَنَّ هَذِهِ الصِّيغَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لِلْمَاضِي وَضْعًا، لَكِنَّهَا جُعِلَتْ إيجَابًا لِلْحَالِ فِي عُرْفِ أَهْلِ اللُّغَةِ وَالشَّرْعِ، وَالْعُرْفُ قَاضٍ عَلَى الْوَضْعِ وَكَذَا إذَا قَالَ الْبَائِعُ: خُذْ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ بِكَذَا أَوْ أَعْطَيْتُكَهُ بِكَذَا أَوْهَوْ لَكَ بِكَذَا أَوْ بَذَلْتَكَهُ بِكَذَا وَقَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي: قَبِلْتُ أَوْ أَخَذْتُ أَوْ رَضِيتُ أَوْ هَوَيْتُ وَنَحْوَ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّهُ يَتِمُّ الرُّكْنُ؛ لِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَلْفَاظِ يُؤَدِّي مَعْنَى الْبَيْعِ وَهُوَ الْمُبَادَلَةُ، وَالْعِبْرَةُ لِلْمَعْنَى لَا لِلصُّورَةِ.
 
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