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If spouses lived separately for years without having relations will nikkah still be valid ?

fatwa-tt November 29, 2022

Question:

Assalamualaikum. If a husband and wife lived separately for many years without having relations will that nikkah still be valid ?Can the wife remarry right after the Talaq without waiting the iddah period since the where already separated for years?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

From the outset, we wish to clarify two misconceptions attached to your question.

Firstly, a couple living separately for many years does not invalidate the marriage (Nikaah). The Nikaah is still intact.

Once a marriage took place in the correct manner, it will only terminate with a divorce or that which may take its place. 

Secondly, a couple living separately for many years does not exempt a woman from observing the ‘Iddah (waiting period), when the husband finally pronounces the divorce.

The ‘Iddah has two aspects to it. One aspect is the right of the husband (which is also the right of the unborn child if any) and the second is the right of Allah. The right of the husband is to ensure that there is no child in the womb which is his. This is to prevent the child from being ascribed to someone who is not the actual biological father. The right of Allah is to observe the time as a means of reflection and proximity to Allah[i]. People only consider the first part which is the right of the husband and therefore think that as long as a husband and wife lived separately for years then the woman doesn’t have to observe the ‘Iddah, if the husband decides to divorce her. That is an incorrect notion.

Therefore, in light of the above mentioned, once a marriage took place in the correct manner and it was consummated or that which may take its place, after the husband issues the divorce, the wife will have wait for the entire ‘Iddah period to elapse before she can remarry.[ii]


[i]  بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع 3/190-  دار الكتب العلمية

….. لأن العدة تجب بحق الله، وبحق الزوج، قال تعالى {فما لكم عليهن من عدة تعتدونها} [الأحزاب: 49]

…… لأن العدة فيها معنى القربة

[ii]  بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع 3/190-  دار الكتب العلمية

وشرط وجوبها الدخول أو ما يجري مجرى الدخول، وهو الخلوة الصحيحة في النكاح الصحيح دون الفاسد، فلا يجب بدون الدخول، والخلوة الصحيحة لقوله تعالى {يا أيها الذين آمنوا إذا نكحتم المؤمنات ثم طلقتموهن من قبل أن تمسوهن فما لكم عليهن من عدة تعتدونها} [الأحزاب: 49] ؛ ولأن وجوبها بطريق استبراء الرحم على ما بينا، والحاجة إلى الاستبراء بعد الدخول لا قبله إلا أن الخلوة الصحيحة في النكاح الصحيح أقيمت مقام الدخول في وجوب العدة التي فيها حق الله تعالى؛ لأن حق الله تعالى يحتاط في إيجابه؛ ولأن التسليم بالواجب بالنكاح قد حصل بالخلوة الصحيحة فتجب به العدة كما تجب بالدخول ……

بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع 3/190-  دار الكتب العلمية

…. …. وقت وجوب العدة أنها تجب من وقت وجود سبب الوجوب من الطلاق، والوفاة، وغير ذلك حتى لو بلغ المرأة طلاق زوجها أو موته فعليها العدة من يوم طلق أو مات عند عامة العلماء، وعامة الصحابة – رضي الله عنهم –

الفتاوى الهندية 1/526 – دار الفكر

رجل تزوج امرأة نكاحا جائزا فطلقها بعد الدخول أو بعد الخلوة الصحيحة كان عليها العدة كذا في فتاوى قاضي خان.

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Mujahid Dan Lubrin

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)

www.fatwa-tt.com /www.jaamia.net

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Previous: The Sunnah method of performing Nikaah
Next: Is a divorce decree in the court a valid talaaq?

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