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Does dry frozen breast milk establish Rada’ah (fosterage)?

fatwa-tt February 13, 2023

Question:

Does dry freeze breast milk establish Rada’ah?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

Dry frozen breast milk is the freeze drying of breast milk—also known as lyophilization—is a process where the water content is removed from breast milk and the milk is turned into powdered form[1].

Dry frozen breast milk, in the powdered form must be reconstituted with water to be fed. It will follow the same Shari’ah rulings of normal breast milk as no substantial change has taken place to the nature of the milk. Rada’ah (foster relationships) will be established from any such milk that takes place within the period of two and a half years of age[2].

The following points should also be noted:

– The breast milk, before or after the dry freezing process should not be mixed with the milk of other women in a way that it would create confusion as to whose milk the child has drank.

–  It will not be permissible to sell breast milk in any form[3].  

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best.

Mufti Arshad Ali

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)

www.fatwa-tt.com /www.jaamia.net


[1] https://www.verywellfamily.com/freeze-drying-breast-milk-what-you-need-to-know-6385927

[2] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 211)

وَيَثْبُتُ التَّحْرِيمُ) فِي الْمُدَّةِ فَقَطْ وَلَوْ (بَعْدَ الْفِطَامِ وَالِاسْتِغْنَاءِ بِالطَّعَامِ عَلَى) ظَاهِرِ (الْمَذْهَبِ) وَعَلَيْهِ الْفَتْوَى فَتْحٌ وَغَيْرُهُ. قَالَ فِي الْمُصَنَّفِ كَالْبَحْرِ: فَمَا فِي الزَّيْلَعِيِّ خِلَافُ الْمُعْتَمَدِ لِأَنَّ الْفَتْوَى مَتَى اخْتَلَفَتْ رَجَحَ ظَاهِرُ الرِّوَايَةِ

المبسوط للسرخسي (5/ 137)

(قَالَ:) فَإِنْ فُطِمَ الصَّبِيُّ قَبْلَ الْحَوْلَيْنِ ثُمَّ أُرْضِعَ فِي مُدَّةِ ثَلَاثِينَ شَهْرًا عِنْدَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – أَوْ فِي مُدَّةِ الْحَوْلَيْنِ عِنْدَهُمَا فَالظَّاهِرُ مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِمَا وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – أَنَّهُ تَثْبُتُ بِهِ الْحُرْمَةُ لِوُجُودِ الْإِرْضَاعِ فِي الْمُدَّةِ، فَصَارَ الْفِطَامُ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ، وَرَوَى الْحَسَنُ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَالَ: هَذَا إذَا لَمْ يَتَعَوَّدْ الصَّبِيُّ الطَّعَامَ حَتَّى لَا يَكْتَفِي بِهِ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْفِطَامِ، فَأَمَّا إذَا صَارَ بِحَيْثُ يَكْتَفِي بِالطَّعَامِ لَا تَثْبُتُ الْحُرْمَةُ بِرَضَاعِهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَارَ بِحَيْثُ يَكْتَفِي بِالطَّعَامِ فَاللَّبَنُ بَعْدَهُ لَا يُغَذِّيهِ، فَلَا يَحْصُلُ بِهِ مَعْنَى الْبَعْضِيَّةِ، بَيَانُهُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ – رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ – قَالَ: وَكَانَ قَبْلَ الطَّعَامِ أَيْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكْتَفِيَ بِالطَّعَامِ

[3] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 211)

(وَلَمْ يُبَحْ الْإِرْضَاعُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ) لِأَنَّهُ جَزْءُ آدَمِيٍّ وَالِانْتِفَاعُ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ ضَرُورَةٍ حَرَامٌ عَلَى الصَّحِيحِ شَرْحُ الْوَهْبَانِيَّةِ. وَفِي الْبَحْرِ: لَا يَجُوزُ التَّدَاوِي بِالْمُحَرَّمِ فِي ظَاهِرِ الْمَذْهَبِ

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